The manuscript known today as Textus Roffensis (‘the Rochester book’) is without question one of the most important of all medieval manuscripts. Compiled in the early 1120s, it is actually two books in one, containing a compilation of early English laws, dating as far back as the year 600, and a collection of charters relating to the Cathedral Priory of St Andrew, Rochester.

It preserves many of the laws of the pre-Conquest kings, including Alfred the Great, Athelstan, Ethelred ‘the Unready’, and Cnut. Its seventh-century Kentish laws are particularly important documents as they are unique to Textus Roffensis. The most well-known of these is Æthelberht’s Code, which has been described as ‘both the first piece of English law and the earliest datable work composed in English’ (Prof. Julia Crick, in Anglo-Saxon Kingdoms: Art, Word, War).

 
 

Explore online

In 2013, the University of Manchester produced a high-quality digital facsimile of Textus during the Hidden Treasures, Fresh Expressions Project redevelopment of the Cathedral Crypt into an exhibition area to exhibit the manuscript, including physical study and handling copies for the newly refurbished Chapter Library.

Open online

 
 

Index of texts

Dr Christopher Monk produced an index of texts within Textus in 2014 and alongside a small group of researchers has been gradually publishing transcriptions and translations online. The charters, early English laws and records are now available in the Records Series at the Kent Archaeological Society website.

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UNESCO
Memory of the World UK

In 2022, the early English laws in Textus Roffensis were inscribed in the the UNESCO Memory of the World UK Register. Textus is a window onto the lives of women, men and children, free and enslaved, rich and poor, during the early centuries of English history.

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Textus 900

From 2023 to 2024 we are celebrating 900 years since the compilation of Textus with a series of events and exhibitions over the period including Beauty and the Beasts (2023), Spiritual Histories (2023-2024) and Draco Roffensis (Summer 2024).

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Archive

Textus Roffensis has featured in a number of events and exhibitions at Rochester Cathedral and around the country.

 

Research

Textus has also featured in numerous studies by researchers and specialists.